Kanał

Directed by Andrzej Wajda, 1957. Gripping and tenebrous, Andrzej Wajda’s second feature resumes A Generation ’s interest in naturalist, anti-dogmatic tellings of wartime resistance, yet shifts focus to the underground Home Army, whose 1944 Warsaw Uprising was a pivotal (if ultimately doomed) attempt at liberation. The first film to tackle the tragic and contentious operation, Kanał descends into the capital’s sewers to observe the hopeless, Dantesque trek of exhausted platoons escaping the city in late September, when defeat was already inescapable. Jerzy Lipman returns as cinematographer, depicting the dank gutters—all built in the back lot of a Łódź studio—in an asphyxiating high-contrast palette. To make the film, Wajda benefitted from Gomułka’s Thaw which, however, did little to shield Kanał from harsh audience critique. “This film could not satisfy them,” Wajda later remarked.…